Evropski macesen je listopadno iglasto drevo, doseže med 25-35 m višine in 9 – 15 m širine. Iglice so nežne, svetlo zelene barve, ki se v jeseni obarvajo v bleščečo rumeno barvo in pred zimo odpadejo. Cvetovi niso zelo izraziti, so ločeni moški (rumeni) in ženski (roza-rdeči). Storži so rjave barve, do 4 cm veliki in jajčaste oblike.
Gre za počasi rastoč brin modrozelene barve, ki se razrašča predvsem v širino, tesno pri tleh, zato je odlična pokrovna rastlina. Z leti se razraste tudi do 1.5 m široko. Ugajajo mu propustne sončne lege, primeren je za hišne vrtove, skalnjake, japonske vrtove, grobove.
Pritlikav, nizek, blazinast, gost zimzelen iglavec, grm. Zraste 0,2 do 0,4 m visoko in 1 do 2 m široko. Ima polegle in goste veje. Iglice so koničaste, večinoma tesno stisnjene k poganjkom, barvo pa spreminjajo glede na letni čas: so svetlo zelene, starejše temno sivo-zelene, pozimi delno temno vijolične. Je trpežna in zdrava rastlina, ki uspeva na suhih do vlažnih tleh, tudi če so manj bogata. Lega saditve je sončna do polsenčna.
Gre za pritlikav, nizek, gost zimzelen iglavec, grm, ki v višino zraste med 10 in 20 cm, v širino pa sega med 1 in 2 m. Veje so polegle in goste. Grm ima koničaste iglice, ki so večinoma tesno stisnjene k poganjkom, temno zelene do modro-zelene, pozimi delno temno vijolične.
Je počasi rastoč zimzelen iglavec, ki zraste 3-5 m v višino in se razbohoti 2-3 m v višino. Krošnja je gosta, stožcaste do jajčaste oblike z gostimi iglicami sivo-modre do modro zelene barve. Plodovi so ovalni storži temno vijočočne do temno rjave barve. Zelo primerna je za skalnjake ali predhišni vrt, lahko tudi kot solitarno drevo. Zelo primerna je za skalnjake ali predhišni vrt, lahko tudi kot solitarno drevo.
Raste pri tleh, je zelo kompakten, njegov največji adut so srebrnomodre iglice, ki dajejo videz tisočerih zvezdic.. Rast je počasna in zbita, v višino se dvigne do 0,3 m, v širino lahko do 1m. Ni zahtevna rastlina in dobro uspeva na različnih tleh.
Nordijska, bela ali kavkaška jelka je tradicionalno božično drevo, saj je zelo gosta in košata, s prekrasnimi, svetlečimi temno zelenimi iglicami. Na spodnji strani iglic ima dve beli progi. Zraste do višine med 10-15m, včasih tudi do 20 m. Plodovi so navzgor obrnjeni storži, sedeči na vejah. Je neobčutljivo drevo, ki najbolje uspeva v bogatih, stalno vlažnih, kislih tleh, na sončni legi.
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